Document Type : Resear Paper (Islamic Public Finance)

Authors

• mohammadzaman rostami ¹
• mohammad hadi rostami ²

¹ Qom University, faculty of Economy and Management

² Assistant professor at Imam Khomeini International University

Abstract

The ownership system, as one of the fundamental pillars of the economy, plays a vital role in enhancing productivity, ensuring equitable distribution of resources, and fostering economic growth. The current ownership system in Iran, due to the dominance of non-productive activities, concentration of wealth in inefficient sectors, and speculative activities in assets such as housing, land, foreign currency, and gold, has led to economic stagnation, unequal wealth distribution, and reduced productivity. This paper, with an analytical-descriptive approach based on the principles of the Islamic ownership system, emphasizes the necessity of reforming the ownership structure. In this context, two key fiscal instruments are proposed: "tax on idle capital" and "capital gains tax." These tools aim to channel capital toward productive activities, reduce speculative transactions, and prevent the hoarding of non-productive resources. This approach is expected to promote economic growth, improve social justice, and enhance national productivity. Drawing on comparative studies from successful countries, the research demonstrates that imposing taxes on vacant land, unoccupied properties, abandoned mines, and other idle assets can stimulate economic activity and reduce social inequality. Furthermore, by elaborating on Islamic jurisprudential principles such as the "no-harm rule" (Qāʿidat Lā Ḍarar) and the "rule of revival of barren land" (Iḥyāʾ al-Mawāt), the legitimacy of this approach is examined. The findings of this study indicate that reforming the ownership system based on the Islamic perspective requires information transparency, the strengthening of information technology infrastructures (such as the Cadastre system), and the establishment of appropriate legal frameworks to combat tax evasion and sham transactions. mic justice, reduction of corruption, enhancement of productivity, and sustainable economic growth in the country.

Keywords

• tax
• capital gains
• speculation
• unproductive activities
• property system
• prodtivity

Main Subjects

• Science - Research (Islamic Financial Rights)